使用 netdata 監控 SNMP 設備試作
在 netdata 試裝 ( http://xrcd2.blogspot.tw/2017/06/netdata_21.html ) 後
,接著試透過 netdata 來做一般的 snmp monitor ,
其實大多數的網管軟體都提供這樣的基本功能,但以 netdata 來說,
還是需要一些 snmp 的基礎觀念.故整理一下之前所寫的一些基礎,
供需求的人參考之.
SNMP 基礎
(1) http://xrcd2.blogspot.tw/2012/10/snmp-oids-zabbix.html
[ 利用SNMP OIDs 加入 Zabbix 監控 ]
(2) http://xrcd2.blogspot.tw/2012/10/snmp-oid.html
[ 再論 SNMP OIDs ]
(3) http://xrcd2.blogspot.tw/2016/11/snmp-oids.html
[ 三論 SNMP OIDs ]
(4) http://xrcd2.blogspot.tw/2017/04/snmp-oids.html
[ 四論 SNMP OIDs ]
其它補充
(2) http://xrcd2.blogspot.tw/2012/11/cisco-router-interface-reliability.html
[ Cisco Router Interface Reliability Status Monitor ( DIY cacti template ) ]
本文開始
參考設定
https://github.com/firehol/netdata/blob/master/conf.d/node.d/snmp.conf.md
SNMP Data Collector
example:
{
"enable_autodetect": false,
"update_every": 5,
"max_request_size": 100,
"servers": [
{
"hostname": "10.11.12.8",
"community": "public",
"update_every": 10,
"max_request_size": 50,
"options": { "timeout": 10000 },
"charts": {
"snmp_switch.bandwidth_port1": {
"title": "Switch Bandwidth for port 1",
"units": "kilobits/s",
"type": "area",
"priority": 1,
"family": "ports",
"dimensions": {
"in": {
"oid": "1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.10.1",
"algorithm": "incremental",
"multiplier": 8,
"divisor": 1024,
"offset": 0
},
"out": {
"oid": "1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.16.1",
"algorithm": "incremental",
"multiplier": -8,
"divisor": 1024,
"offset": 0
}
}
},
"snmp_switch.bandwidth_port2": {
"title": "Switch Bandwidth for port 2",
"units": "kilobits/s",
"type": "area",
"priority": 1,
"family": "ports",
"dimensions": {
"in": {
"oid": "1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.10.2",
"algorithm": "incremental",
"multiplier": 8,
"divisor": 1024,
"offset": 0
},
"out": {
"oid": "1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.16.2",
"algorithm": "incremental",
"multiplier": -8,
"divisor": 1024,
"offset": 0
}
}
}
}
}
]
}
依據上述的範例,得知 netdata snmp data collector 的方式為 OIDs ,
以 Interface Traffic 來說,可以用 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.10.ifName ( Inbound )
用 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.10.ifName (Outgoing )取得流量使用資訊.
這時可以使用 snmpwalk + snmpget 來確定如何設定正確的 snmp.conf
以 Cisco 2960S Switch 為例
[root@centos73 ~]# snmpwalk -Os -c cisco -v 2c 192.168.111.198 system | more
sysDescr.0 = STRING: Cisco IOS Software, C2960S Software (C2960S-UNIVERSALK9-M),
Version 15.2(1)E, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc3)
Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport
Copyright (c) 1986-2013 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Tue 27-Aug-13 11:59 by prod_rel_team
sysObjectID.0 = OID: enterprises.9.1.1208
sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (758822632) 87 days, 19:50:26.32
sysContact.0 = STRING:
sysName.0 = STRING: Switch
sysLocation.0 = STRING:
sysServices.0 = INTEGER: 6
sysORLastChange.0 = Timeticks: (0) 0:00:00.00
sysORID.1 = OID: enterprises.9.7.129
sysORID.2 = OID: enterprises.9.7.115
.....
.....
.....
.....
[root@centos73 ~]# snmpwalk -Os -c cisco -v 2c 192.168.111.198 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1
ifName.1 = STRING: Vl1
ifName.5137 = STRING: StackPort1
ifName.10101 = STRING: Gi1/0/1
ifName.10102 = STRING: Gi1/0/2
ifName.10103 = STRING: Gi1/0/3
ifName.10104 = STRING: Gi1/0/4
ifName.10105 = STRING: Gi1/0/5
ifName.10106 = STRING: Gi1/0/6
ifName.10107 = STRING: Gi1/0/7
ifName.10108 = STRING: Gi1/0/8
ifName.10109 = STRING: Gi1/0/9
ifName.10110 = STRING: Gi1/0/10
ifName.10111 = STRING: Gi1/0/11
ifName.10112 = STRING: Gi1/0/12
ifName.10113 = STRING: Gi1/0/13
ifName.10114 = STRING: Gi1/0/14
ifName.10115 = STRING: Gi1/0/15
ifName.10116 = STRING: Gi1/0/16
ifName.10117 = STRING: Gi1/0/17
ifName.10118 = STRING: Gi1/0/18
ifName.10119 = STRING: Gi1/0/19
ifName.10120 = STRING: Gi1/0/20
ifName.10121 = STRING: Gi1/0/21
ifName.10122 = STRING: Gi1/0/22
ifName.10123 = STRING: Gi1/0/23
ifName.10124 = STRING: Gi1/0/24
ifName.10125 = STRING: Gi1/0/25
ifName.10126 = STRING: Gi1/0/26
ifName.10127 = STRING: Gi1/0/27
ifName.10128 = STRING: Gi1/0/28
ifName.10129 = STRING: Gi1/0/29
ifName.10130 = STRING: Gi1/0/30
ifName.10131 = STRING: Gi1/0/31
ifName.10132 = STRING: Gi1/0/32
ifName.10133 = STRING: Gi1/0/33
ifName.10134 = STRING: Gi1/0/34
ifName.10135 = STRING: Gi1/0/35
ifName.10136 = STRING: Gi1/0/36
ifName.10137 = STRING: Gi1/0/37
ifName.10138 = STRING: Gi1/0/38
ifName.10139 = STRING: Gi1/0/39
ifName.10140 = STRING: Gi1/0/40
ifName.10141 = STRING: Gi1/0/41
ifName.10142 = STRING: Gi1/0/42
ifName.10143 = STRING: Gi1/0/43
ifName.10144 = STRING: Gi1/0/44
ifName.10145 = STRING: Gi1/0/45
ifName.10146 = STRING: Gi1/0/46
ifName.10147 = STRING: Gi1/0/47
ifName.10148 = STRING: Gi1/0/48
ifName.10149 = STRING: Gi1/0/49
ifName.10150 = STRING: Gi1/0/50
ifName.10151 = STRING: Gi1/0/51
ifName.10152 = STRING: Gi1/0/52
ifName.12001 = STRING: Nu0
ifName.12002 = STRING: Fa0
[root@centos73 ~]#
取得該 Switch Port Gi1/0/11 的流量資訊 (ifName.10111 = STRING: Gi1/0/11)
In
[root@centos73 ~]# snmpget -v2c -c cisco 192.168.111.198 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.10.10111
IF-MIB::ifInOctets.10111 = Counter32: 2637654576
Out
[root@centos73 ~]# snmpget -v2c -c cisco 192.168.111.198 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.16.10111
IF-MIB::ifOutOctets.10111 = Counter32: 1963738193
[root@centos73 ~]#
=================
[root@centos73 node.d]# pwd
/etc/netdata/node.d
抄改上面的 example:
[root@centos73 node.d]# vi snmp.conf [圖一]
{
"enable_autodetect": false,
"update_every": 5,
"max_request_size": 100,
"servers": [
{
"hostname": "192.168.111.198",
"community": "cisco",
"update_every": 10,
"max_request_size": 50,
"options": { "timeout": 10000 , "version": 1 },
"charts": {
"snmp_switch.bandwidth_port1": {
"title": "Switch Bandwidth for port 1",
"units": "kilobits/s",
"type": "area",
"priority": 1,
"family": "ports",
"dimensions": {
"in": {
"oid": "1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.10.10101",
"algorithm": "incremental",
"multiplier": 8,
"divisor": 1024,
"offset": 0
},
"out": {
"oid": "1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.16.10101",
"algorithm": "incremental",
"multiplier": -8,
"divisor": 1024,
"offset": 0
}
}
},
"snmp_switch.bandwidth_port11": {
"title": "Switch Bandwidth for port 11",
"units": "kilobits/s",
"type": "area",
"priority": 1,
"family": "ports",
"dimensions": {
"in": {
"oid": "1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.10.10111",
"algorithm": "incremental",
"multiplier": 8,
"divisor": 1024,
"offset": 0
},
"out": {
"oid": "1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.16.10111",
"algorithm": "incremental",
"multiplier": -8,
"divisor": 1024,
"offset": 0
}
}
}
}
}
]
}
========
修改自另一個範例 multiply_range
[root@centos73 node.d]# cat snmp.conf [圖二]
{
"enable_autodetect": false,
"update_every": 60,
"servers": [
{
"hostname": "192.168.111.198",
"community": "cisco",
"update_every": 60,
"options": { "timeout": 20000, "version": 1 },
"charts": {
"snmp_switch.bandwidth_port": {
"title": "Switch Bandwidth for port ",
"units": "kilobits/s",
"type": "area",
"priority": 1,
"family": "ports",
"multiply_range": [ 10101, 10152 ],
"dimensions": {
"in": {
"oid": "1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.10.",
"algorithm": "incremental",
"multiplier": 8,
"divisor": 1024,
"offset": 0
},
"out": {
"oid": "1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.16.",
"algorithm": "incremental",
"multiplier": -8,
"divisor": 1024,
"offset": 0
}
}
}
}
}
]
}
===================
驗證 snmp plugin
( 可參考 https://github.com/firehol/netdata/blob/master/conf.d/node.d/snmp.conf.md
[ Testing the configuration ] 這一段的方式 )
[root@centos73 node.d]# /usr/libexec/netdata/plugins.d/node.d.plugin 1 snmp
/usr/libexec/netdata/plugins.d/node.d.plugin: line 2: exec: ERROR node.js IS NOT AVAILABLE IN THIS SYSTEM: not found
出現上述這訊息即為,未安裝 nodejs 套件
解法
#yum install epel-release
#yum install nodejs
驗證 nodejs
[root@centos73 node.d]# node --version
v6.10.3
裝好後再測試一次
[root@centos73 node.d]# /usr/libexec/netdata/plugins.d/node.d.plugin 1 snmp
2017-06-22 11:07:00: node.d.plugin: ERROR: snmp: 192.168.111.198: Received error = TypeError: snmp.varbindError is not a function
at Object.responseCb (/usr/libexec/netdata/node.d/snmp.node.js:267:89)
at Object.feedCb (/usr/libexec/netdata/node.d/node_modules/net-snmp.js:646:8)
at Object.Session.onSimpleGetResponse [as onResponse] (/usr/libexec/netdata/node.d/node_modules/net-snmp.js:960:7)
at Session.onMsg (/usr/libexec/netdata/node.d/node_modules/net-snmp.js:929:9)
at emitTwo (events.js:106:13)
at Socket.emit (events.js:191:7)
at UDP.onMessage (dgram.js:549:8) varbinds = undefined
DISABLE
出現上述訊息則為 snmp.conf 設定錯誤,請利用 snmpwalk + snmpget 來確認 snmp 相關資訊的配置.
過關無誤則會出現以下資訊
[root@centos73 node.d]# /usr/libexec/netdata/plugins.d/node.d.plugin 1 snmp
CHART "snmp_switch.bandwidth_port1" "snmp_switch.bandwidth_port1" "Switch Bandwidth for port 1" "kilobits/s" "ports" "" "area" 50001 10
DIMENSION "in" "in" "incremental" 8 1024
DIMENSION "out" "out" "incremental" -8 1024
BEGIN snmp_switch.bandwidth_port1
SET in = 1167620306
SET out = 220094275
END
CHART "snmp_switch.bandwidth_port11" "snmp_switch.bandwidth_port11" "Switch Bandwidth for port 11" "kilobits/s" "ports" "" "area" 50001 10
DIMENSION "in" "in" "incremental" 8 1024
DIMENSION "out" "out" "incremental" -8 1024
BEGIN snmp_switch.bandwidth_port11
SET in = 2509704807
SET out = 1913107763
END
BEGIN snmp_switch.bandwidth_port1 3548000
SET in = 1167620306
SET out = 220107600
END
BEGIN snmp_switch.bandwidth_port11 3548000
SET in = 2509816273
SET out = 1913162904
END
BEGIN snmp_switch.bandwidth_port1 10040000
SET in = 1167620306
SET out = 220133355
END
BEGIN snmp_switch.bandwidth_port11 10040000
SET in = 2510106481
SET out = 1913238854
END
.....
新增圖示可參考如下 URL
https://github.com/firehol/netdata/wiki/Add-more-charts-to-netdata#network
Add more charts to netdata
configuring plugins
Most plugins come with auto-detection, configured to work out-of-the-box on popular
operating systems with the default settings.
However, there are cases that auto-detection fails. Usually the reason is that the
applications to be monitored do not allow netdata to connect. In most of the cases,
allowing the user netdata from localhost to connect and collect metrics, will
automatically enable data collection for the application in question
(it will require a netdata restart).
You can verify netdata plugins are able to collect metrics, following this procedure:
# become user netdata
sudo su -s /bin/bash netdata
# execute the plugin in debug mode, for a specific module.
# example for the python plugin, mysql module:
/usr/libexec/netdata/plugins.d/python.d.plugin 1 debug mysql
其它參考資訊
General Info node.d
https://github.com/firehol/netdata/wiki/General-Info---node.d
Demo
2 interface [圖一]
All Interface [圖二]
